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1.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 35 Suppl 3: 54-62, 2022 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36285860

RESUMO

SARS-CoV-2 infection has had a major impact on donation and transplantation. Since the cessation of activity two years ago, the international medical community has rapidly generated evidence capable of sustaining and increasing this neccesary activity. This paper analyses the epidemiology and burden of COVID-19 in donation and transplantation, the pathogenesis of the infection and its relationship with graft-mediated transmission, the impact of vaccination on donation and transplantation, the evolution of donation in Spain throughout the pandemic, some lessons learned in SARS-CoV-2 infected donor recipients with positive PCR and the applicability of the main therapeutic tools recently approved for treatment among transplant recipients.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Transplante de Órgãos , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2 , Pandemias , Doadores de Tecidos
2.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 43(4): 225-233, mayo 2019. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-183127

RESUMO

Objetivo: Conocer la práctica clínica real de las UCI españolas en relación con la analgosedación y delirium, y valorar cómo se ajusta a las recomendaciones actuales. Diseño: Estudio transversal descriptivo elaborado mediante encuesta nacional sobre prácticas de analgosedación y delirium de los pacientes ingresados en UCI los días 16 de noviembre de 2013 y 16 de octubre de 2014. Se envió un cuestionario a través de Internet con el aval de la SEMICYUC. Ámbito: UCI tanto públicas como privadas de todo el territorio nacional. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 166 UCI y a 1.567 pacientes. El 61,4% de las UCI contaban con un protocolo de sedación. El 75% de las UCI monitorizaban la sedación y agitación, con RASS como la escala empleada con mayor frecuencia. El dolor se monitorizaba en algo más de la mitad de las UCI, pero las escalas conductuales eran de muy baja implantación. El delirium también presentaba un bajo nivel diagnóstico. Entre los pacientes en ventilación mecánica el midazolam continuaba siendo un sedante de muy amplio uso. Conclusiones: Esta encuesta es la primera realizada en España sobre analgosedación y delirium y nos muestra una fotografía sobre estas prácticas, señala algunos aspectos como los relacionados con la monitorización y usos de escalas, junto con el manejo del delirium, en los que los resultados del estudio animan a desarrollar proyectos docentes que acerquen la práctica clínica real a las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales


Objective: To know the real clinical practice of Spanish ICUs in relation to analgesia, sedation and delirium, with a view to assessing adherence to current recommendations. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out based on a national survey on analgesia, sedation and delirium practices in patients admitted to intensive care on 16 November, 2013 and 16 October, 2014. An on-line questionnaire was sent with the endorsement of the SEMICYUC. Setting: Spanish ICUs in public and private hospitals. Results: A total of 166 ICUs participated, with the inclusion of 1567 patients. The results showed that 61.4% of the ICUs had a sedation protocol, and 75% regularly monitored sedation and agitation - the RASS being the most frequently used scale. Pain was monitored in about half of the ICUs, but the behavioral scales were very little used. Delirium monitoring was implemented in few ICUs. Among the patients on mechanical ventilation, midazolam remained a very commonly used agent. Conclusions: This survey is the first conducted in Spain on the practices of analgesia, sedation and delirium. We identified specific targets for quality improvement, particularly concerning the management of sedation and the assessment of delirium


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Sedação Profunda/métodos , Delírio/tratamento farmacológico , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Internet/estatística & dados numéricos , Agitação Psicomotora/tratamento farmacológico , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Propofol , Fentanila , Acetaminofen , Dipirona , Espanha
3.
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) ; 43(4): 225-233, 2019 May.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30704803

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To know the real clinical practice of Spanish ICUs in relation to analgesia, sedation and delirium, with a view to assessing adherence to current recommendations. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out based on a national survey on analgesia, sedation and delirium practices in patients admitted to intensive care on 16 November, 2013 and 16 October, 2014. An on-line questionnaire was sent with the endorsement of the SEMICYUC. SETTING: Spanish ICUs in public and private hospitals. RESULTS: A total of 166 ICUs participated, with the inclusion of 1567 patients. The results showed that 61.4% of the ICUs had a sedation protocol, and 75% regularly monitored sedation and agitation - the RASS being the most frequently used scale. Pain was monitored in about half of the ICUs, but the behavioral scales were very little used. Delirium monitoring was implemented in few ICUs. Among the patients on mechanical ventilation, midazolam remained a very commonly used agent. CONCLUSIONS: This survey is the first conducted in Spain on the practices of analgesia, sedation and delirium. We identified specific targets for quality improvement, particularly concerning the management of sedation and the assessment of delirium.


Assuntos
Analgesia , Sedação Profunda , Delírio/terapia , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Espanha
4.
Med Intensiva ; 32 Spec No. 1: 3-11, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18405533

RESUMO

The airway management is one of the principal skills that a physician needs to ensure optimal ventilation and oxygenation. In this guideline, Sedation and Analgesia Working Group of SEMICYUC describes rapid sequence intubation (RSI) and induction drugs and neuromuscular blocking agents. RSI is the best procedure to ensure optimal airway management in the majority of critically ill patients. Our choice of one induction drug or another can influence in the success of the airway management. As neuromuscular blocking agents can facilitate intubation, they influence the choice of the drug for intubation and of premedication. To optimize the use of drugs, the knowledge of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and side effects is imperative. A proper position of the patient is essential to establish an adequate airway management. Direct visualization of glottis and endotracheal tube pass through vocal cords is the best way to confirm the correct position of it. There are different devices to confirm correct position of the endotracheal tube.


Assuntos
Estado Terminal , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Intubação Intratraqueal/normas , Anestésicos Locais/farmacologia , Anestésicos Locais/uso terapêutico , Broncoconstrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Competência Clínica , Humanos , Laringismo/prevenção & controle , Lidocaína/farmacologia , Lidocaína/uso terapêutico , Bloqueadores Neuromusculares/administração & dosagem , Bloqueadores Neuromusculares/farmacologia , Oxigênio/administração & dosagem , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios
5.
Med Intensiva ; 32 Spec No. 1: 107-14, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18405544

RESUMO

Numerous diagnostic techniques require sedation and analgesia in order to be performed in a safe and comfortable way for the patient. Several of the most notable points of interest for the critical care specialist are the electrical cardioversion, the placing of implantable cardiac stimulation devices, the endoscopic techniques and the performing of bedside surgical procedures. In this current revision, the SEMICYUC Task Force for Sedation and Analgesia describes recommendations and best practices for administering sedation and analgesia in these situations.


Assuntos
Anestesia/métodos , Sedação Profunda/métodos , Cuidados Críticos , Endoscopia , Humanos , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios
6.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 32(supl.1): 3-11, feb. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-137069

RESUMO

Las técnicas de control de la vía aérea constituyen una de las principales habilidades que el intensivista debe poseer. En estas pautas de actuación hacemos una breve descripción de la técnica de secuencia rápida de intubación (SRI) y repasamos el uso de fármacos inductores y bloqueantes neuromusculares durante la misma. La SRI es el procedimiento de elección para lograr el acceso y el control inmediato de la vía aérea en la mayoría de los enfermos críticos. La elección del fármaco inductor influye en las condiciones de la intubación, incluso con el uso simultáneo de bloqueantes neuromusculares. Además de las características farmacocinéticas y farmacodinámicas existen otros factores que pueden influir en la elección del fármaco. Determinados fármacos ofrecen ventajas específicas en diferentes situaciones clínicas, pero todos tienen efectos secundarios y contraindicaciones que se deben tener siempre en cuenta. El uso de los bloqueantes neuromusculares debe formar parte de la técnica de intubación. La elección de los fármacos inductores para la SRI y el uso de premedicación están influenciados por la elección del bloqueante neuromuscular. La correcta posición del paciente es fundamental para el éxito de la intubación y es uno de los principales determinantes de la visibilidad de la glotis durante la laringoscopia. Se recomienda una atención prioritaria a la comprobación de la correcta posición del tubo en la tráquea. La visualización directa del paso del tubo a través de las cuerdas vocales es la mejor evidencia, aunque se recomienda también la utilización de dispositivos de verificación instrumental de la intubación traqueal (AU)


The airway management is one of the principal skills that a physician needs to ensure optimal ventilation and oxygenation. In this guideline, Sedation and Analgesia Working Group of SEMICYUC describes rapid sequence intubation (RSI) and induction drugs and neuromuscular blocking agents. RSI is the best procedure to ensure optimal airway management in the majority of critically ill patients. Our choice of one induction drug or another can influence in the success of the airway management. As neuromuscular blocking agents can facilitate intubation, they influence the choice of the drug for intubation and of premedication. To optimize the use of drugs, the knowledge of pharmacodynamics, pharmacocinetics and side effects is imperative. A proper position of the patient is essential to establish an adequate airway management. Direct visualization of glottis and endotracheal tube pass through vocal cords is the best way to confirm the correct position of it. There are different devices to confirm correct position of the endotracheal tube (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Estado Terminal/classificação , Preparações Farmacêuticas/administração & dosagem , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Laringoscopia/instrumentação , Laringoscopia/métodos , Apneia/cirurgia , Pressão Arterial/genética , Fármacos Neuromusculares/farmacologia , Intubação Intratraqueal/enfermagem , Estado Terminal/psicologia , Estado Terminal/terapia , Preparações Farmacêuticas/metabolismo , Preparações Farmacêuticas/provisão & distribuição , Laringoscopia , Laringoscopia , Pressão Arterial/fisiologia
7.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 32(supl.1): 107-114, feb. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-137080

RESUMO

Numerosas técnicas diagnósticas y terapéuticas precisan sedoanalgesia para poder ser realizadas de una forma segura y confortable para el paciente. Especial interés para el intensivista tienen la cardioversión eléctrica, la colocación de dispositivos implantables de estimulación cardiaca, las técnicas endoscópicas o la realización de procedimientos quirúrgicos a pie de cama. En la presente revisión el Grupo de Trabajo de Analgesia y Sedación de la SEMICYUC ofrece recomendaciones para administrar analgesia y sedación en esas situaciones (AU)


Numerous diagnostic techniques require sedation and analgesia in order to be performed in a safe and comfortable way for the patient. Several of the most notable points of interest for the critical care specialist are the electrical cardioversion, the placing of implantable cardiac stimulation devices, the endoscopic techniques and the performing of bedside surgical procedures. In this current revision, the SEMICYUC Task Force for Sedation and Analgesia describes recommendations and best practices for administering sedation and analgesia in these situations (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Sedação Profunda/instrumentação , Sedação Profunda/métodos , Estado Terminal/classificação , Toracoscopia/instrumentação , Toracoscopia/métodos , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Preparações Farmacêuticas/provisão & distribuição , Sedação Profunda/mortalidade , Sedação Profunda/enfermagem , Estado Terminal/mortalidade , Toracoscopia/classificação , Toracoscopia , Preparações Farmacêuticas/administração & dosagem , Preparações Farmacêuticas/classificação
10.
Clin Infect Dis ; 37(5): e72-3, 2003 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12942422

RESUMO

We report the first case in the medical literature (to our knowledge) of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection who was being treated with ritonavir and developed signs of severe vascular involvement and irreversible coma after the administration of 3 mg of ergotamine tartrate.


Assuntos
Morte Encefálica/diagnóstico , Ergotamina/intoxicação , Ergotamina/uso terapêutico , Ritonavir/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Interações Medicamentosas , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos
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